The gear-type divider can separate flow into two or more paths. A gear divider consists of a housing, two or more internal sections of mating gears, and barriers that separate the sections from one another. A common shaft connects the gear sections. Flow enters one end of the housing and routes through a channel to each of the gear sections. Fluid forces act on the gear teeth, causing them to rotate in opposite directions. Fluid between the gear teeth and housing is carried around to the opposite side of the gear section. As the teeth mesh, fluid is pushed out of each outlet port.
Because all the gear sections are connected, all the gears rotate at the same speed. The positive displacements of the gear sections produce a constant division of the flow. Inlet flow is divided proportionally between each section. Even if pressures in the output circuits vary, the output flows are proportional to the input. Should the input flow vary, output flows will likewise vary proportionally. And if one output is blocked, the others are also blocked. A relief valve prevents pressure intensification.
Series QXT flow dividers from Bucher Hydraulics are internal gear units that can divide a flow into as many as four parts. Division ratios are constant and are unaffected by external loads. They can be used to synchronize movement of unequally loaded cylinders, or they can drive several hydraulic motors at the same speed.
Gear-type dividers can also be used to combine return flow in circuits. Most spool dividers are not designed to permit reverse flow.
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