"It's like a small furnace." Ming Ming, the engineer who described his latest research in his team, found that using laser-heated silicon tip fiber optic equipment can reach temperatures as high as 2000 degrees Fahrenheit, which can be achieved in just a second Temperature rise to 300 degrees high temperature.

Due to its small size, this device means microscopically, with a diameter of about one tenth of a millimeter, roughly the thickness of a piece of paper.

The heating capacity of the unit can be used for environmental monitoring, ranging from testing of greenhouse gases to applications in biological specimen research such as the production of microbubbles for medical and industrial applications. It can also act as a thermometer, whose performance allows applications in extremely hot conditions, such as those used to monitor harsh engine and power plant ambient temperatures, Han said.

"We implemented a simple sensor structure with a very efficient heating mechanism," said Han, an associate professor in electrical and computer engineering. "In other devices, the heating element and the temperature sensing element are usually two different components, and here we have integrated it into the same tiny structure."

In his previous work at Han, he designed the fiber optic temperature sensor for sensing in the ocean. As with the new design, the sensor features a tiny silicon column attached to the end of an optical fiber that transmits light at an extremely high speed. However, the glue that bonds silicon and fiber softens at about 200 degrees Fahrenheit, limiting its use at high temperatures.

"Then we made a breakthrough," Han said.

After bonding the fiber and the silicon column again with the adhesive, the team used a very hot current arc, essentially a continuous lightning, to fuse the other fiber with the other side of the column. The process softens the glue on the other side at the same time and separates the original fiber chain, leaving only the new fusion structure.

From this process, Han's team transmitted light using two wavelengths of light into the fiber. The 980-nm laser was absorbed by silicon and the other 1550-nm light passed.

As the absorbed laser generates heat, its remote control capability determines the temperature of the device. At the same time, a wider range of wavelengths enter the silicon and partially reflect on the pillars at both ends of the silicon and begin to form interference. This mode of interference changes as the temperature of the silicon changes, enabling the thermometer functions to be accurate and sensitive to readings.

Han and his research fellow, Guigen Liu, worked on the design, a postdoctoral fellow in electrical and computer engineering, showing that devices have the ability to produce a wide range of wavelengths based on their ability to interact with these wavelengths in the far-infrared range Gas monitoring. And it can measure and adjust its temperature, Han said, making this device versatile, with the existing micro-heater has a great advantage.

"We still have a lot of work to do to make this device better," he said. "This is a very promising technology and there will be many exciting applications in the future."

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