Asbestos was added as an common ingredient to Brake Pads post-WWI, as car speeds began to increase, because research showed that its properties allowed it to absorb the heat (which can reach 500 °F) while still providing the friction necessary to stop a vehicle. However, as the serious health-related hazards of asbestos eventually started to become apparent, other materials had to be found. Asbestos brake pads have largely been replaced by non-asbestos organic (NAO) materials in first world countries. Today, brake pad materials are classified into one of four principal categories, as follows:
Non-metallic materials - these are made from a combination of various synthetic substances bonded into a composite, principally in the form of cellulose, aramid, PAN, and sintered glass. They are gentle on rotors, but produce a fair amount of dust, thus having a short service life.
Semi-metallic materials - synthetics mixed with varying proportions of flaked metals. These are harder than non-metallic pads, more fade-resistant and longer lasting, but at the cost of increased wear to the rotor/drum which then must be replaced sooner. They also require more actuating force than non-metallic pads in order to generate braking torque.
Fully metallic materials - these pads are used only in racing vehicles, and are composed of sintered steel without any synthetic additives. They are very long-lasting, but require more force to slow a vehicle while wearing off the rotors faster. They also tend to be very loud.
Ceramic materials - Composed of clay and porcelain bonded to copper flakes and filaments, these are a good compromise between the durability of the metal pads, grip and fade resistance of the synthetic variety. Their principal drawback, however, is that unlike the previous three types, despite the presence of the copper (which has a high thermal conductivity), ceramic pads generally do not dissipate heat well, which can eventually cause the pads or other components of the braking system to warp.However, because the ceramic materials causes the braking sound to be elevated beyond that of human hearing, they are exceptionally quiet.
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Agricultural Environment Integrated Weather Station is an indispensable instrument for water saving in dry farming
The Agro-Environmental Integrated Weather Station is an instrument that can accurately measure soil moisture content, soil temperature, air temperature, humidity, wind, wind speed, and precipitation. It can quickly and effectively use a one-off inspection of the entire agricultural base instead of the previous one. The complexity of manpower on the detection of each small agricultural base, and the use of GPRS network mode or GSM SMS mode of transmission, breaking the limitations of receiving data collected in the region, completely realize the remote area to send and receive data collection and monitoring, receiving The performance is stable and reliable, and there is no need to worry about sudden disconnection and disconnection. And management personnel can wake up the host computer and change the storage time or sampling interval time through SMS. This is the intelligent control management of the fixed wireless agricultural comprehensive weather station.
Not only that, local agricultural crop workers can choose the right weather station power supply mode according to the situation of the base. The main power supply mode is solar power supply, AC power supply, and DC power supply. The use of solar power supply mode saves money, saves money, has no power outage, and has no fear of leakage. AC and DC modes, on the other hand, have a negative impact on the life of the machine.
Therefore, the scientific, practical, and practical results of the agricultural environmental monitoring station determine its indispensable position in the dryland water conservation. The correct selection and use of agro-environmental integrated meteorological stations will not only provide crop farmers with accurate data on the detection of crop growth environment, so that the staff can quickly recognize and understand whether drought will occur and collect relevant work measures, but also save manpower and material resources. Takes a very big role.