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The key to energy conservation and emission reduction in the coal industry is to implement relevant national economic policies and achieve simultaneous improvement of social and economic benefits.
Implement economic incentive policies
Wang Xianzheng, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the China Coal Industry Association, pointed out that it is necessary to intensify efforts from six aspects to implement relevant national economic policies:
The first is to implement the gold system for geological exploration, increase investment in exploration of coal resources, increase exploration efforts, and make strategic reserves of coal resources. The second is to implement incentive policies such as coal gangue and low calorific value coal power generation, brick and gas power generation, civil use, etc., to increase the scale of resource utilization. The third is to implement the mine ecological environment restoration and treatment compensation policy, accelerate the treatment of subsidence, and promote the development of the environmental protection industry in the mining area. Fourth, implement the system of paid use of coal resources, improve the rational allocation of resources development costs, and promote the recovery of resources. The fifth is to formulate and implement special and scarce coal resources management systems, unified planning, scientific development, limited mining, and rational use. Sixth, implement environmental protection policies for social coal-fired boilers and thermal power generation, and adopt taxation regulation and environmental assessment access, and vigorously promote environmental protection technologies and facilities such as flue gas desulfurization to achieve discharge standards.
On this basis, we must actively develop the ecological coal industry and increase the use of resources. Following the principle of “reduction, reuse, and recyclingâ€, we will increase the use of resources such as mine waste water, coal gangue, coal slime, fly ash, and collapsed land, turn waste into treasure, and recycle it.
Continue to promote the use of clean coal technologies such as circulating fluidized bed combustion and large-scale coal gasification in the whole industry, and improve direct and indirect liquefaction technologies for coal mines. Accelerate research and development of coal-based gas, coal-fired heat, coal chemical and other polygeneration technologies. The proportion of clean coal development and utilization will guide coal companies from relying on the growth of coal production to improve the quality and efficiency of comprehensive coal development and utilization, expand new economic growth points for coal companies, and achieve comprehensive development and deep processing of associated coal and coal resources. , Clean use, development of ecological coal industry.
At present, a number of new coal processing technologies have emerged in China. After commercial operation, the pollution is low and the benefits are high. It has great potential for development. Efficient coal washing, flue gas desulphurization, coal liquefaction, and coal chemical technologies have matured.
According to the plan, by 2010, the national raw coal acceptance rate should reach over 50%, and a closed loop of coal washing water should be realized; the installed capacity of coal gangue power plants will reach 30 million kilowatts, and more than 52 million tons of standard coal will be saved from coal, with a combined coal gangue volume of 3.9. Above 100 million tons, the utilization rate is over 70%; through the combination of coalbed methane surface extraction and underground coal mining, the production of coalbed methane gas should reach 10 billion cubic meters, and the utilization volume should reach 8 billion cubic meters; the rate of discharge of coal mine water should reach 100%. The utilization rate reached more than 70%.
Promote the strategy of large base group
Improving the equipment and technology level of the coal industry will be another effective way to promote the efficient development and utilization of coal resources.
In vigorously promoting the promotion and application of coal machinery equipment, the coal industry focuses on research and development of high-power coal mining machinery, rock drift roadheaders, open-pit mining equipment, large-scale transportation lifting and washing equipment, and accelerates the introduction, digestion and absorption, and promotes major Domestic equipment. Among them, the coal machinery industry will increase the research and development of the comprehensive mining equipment with an annual capacity of 6 million tons, move forward with the supporting equipment of 10 million tons, and promote the in-depth implementation of the strategy of large bases and large groups and see results as soon as possible.
Coal mines have also paid attention to the technical transformation of existing coal mines, implementing a mine working surface and accelerating the construction of safe and efficient mines. The coal industry will adhere to advanced and applicable technologies to upgrade the production level of coal mines, vigorously promote regular coal mining methods such as wall-type, and promote the popularization and application of new technologies and new equipment such as thin coal seam coal ploughs and spiral rigs, and increase the development intensity of thin coal seams. Improve coal mining efficiency.
China has a large number of small coal mines, with many accidents, waste of resources, and serious environmental damage. This brings great difficulties to the efficient development and utilization of coal resources and the improvement of coal mine equipment. The coal industry will stick to the development path of rectification, closure, integration, and technical reform, eliminate backward production capacity, reverse quantitative, extensive, and low-level economic development methods, and put the closure of small coal mines into local industrial structure adjustment plans. From the fact that it does not meet the conditions for safe production, it has extended to polluting the environment, wasting resources, and eliminating backward production capacity. At the same time, it has actively developed the non-coal industry and achieved a smooth transition of industrial adjustment.
The coal industry strives to achieve a reduction of the number of small coal mines to less than 10,000 by 2010 through efforts in three years or so. The proportion of production of large, medium, and small coal mines will be adjusted from 49:13:38 to 5::17:27 to promote Build a more reasonable and complete coal industry system.
Reporter’s comment: In recent years, although China’s coal industry has the favorable conditions such as the support of national policies, the promotion of market mechanisms, as well as the growth of energy demand and the strengthening of the company’s economic foundation, it also faces a number of development challenges, especially the huge pressure on the use of resources and environmental protection. The safety production situation is grim.
The recovery rate of coal resources in China has been very low. In 2005, the average resource recovery rate of coal mines in China was only 46%. In developed countries such as the United States, Australia, Germany, and Canada, the resource recovery rate has reached about 80%, and they only consume 1.2 to 1.3 tons of resources for every 1 ton of coal they dig. According to the average coal recovery rate of 2.19 billion tons and 30% of coal produced in 2005, the recovery rate will be doubled, and the country will save about 3.5 billion tons of coal resources each year. If the coal recovery rate is maintained at an average of 50% by 2025, at least 60 billion tons of coal resources will be saved in 20 years.
Ecological construction tasks are still heavy. Accumulation of coal gangue in the country has accumulated more than 3.5 billion tons, and about 3.6 billion tons of industrial wastewater has been discharged annually; coal mining has caused surface subsidence to exceed 500,000 hectares. It is necessary to establish a compensation mechanism for the restoration of ecological environment in coal mining areas as soon as possible, formulate clean coal production standards, clarify the responsibilities of enterprises and governments, and increase investment in ecological environmental protection and governance.
Advantages:
Improve Equipment and Technology Level to Develop Ecological Coal Industry
In recent years, the coal industry has focused on energy conservation and emission reduction, intensified management, strengthened technological transformation, increased investment in science and technology, developed a recycling economy, increased the utilization rate of pollutants and comprehensive utilization of waste resources, and transformed development methods, achieving certain results. According to statistics from the China Coal Industry Association, the average coal consumption per ton of coal in 2007 was 20.91 kWh, a year-on-year decrease of 0.29%. In the first three months of 2008, the average electricity consumption per ton of coal was 17.77 kWh, a year-on-year decrease of 2.93%.