Marine drugs become the focus of China's bio-industry development in the next 20 years
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With the development of marine biotechnology, China's marine drugs have accumulated from technology into the stage of industrialization, and the marine drug industry will become one of the key areas for the development of China's bio industry in the next 20 years.
In recent years, research on marine biotechnology in China has extended from the coastal and shallow seas to the deep sea and polar regions, especially the discovery of marine biologically active lead compounds, the structural diversity of metabolites in marine organisms, the function and technology of marine biological genes, and marine drugs. R&D has attracted a lot of attention internationally. Many research results have applied for domestic and international patents with independent intellectual property rights.
Marine drugs have been accumulated from the technology into the product development phase and a number of new anti-AIDS, anti-tumor and anti-atherosclerotic marine drugs have been discovered. At present, China has already obtained approval for the listing of marine drugs such as polydyne, squalene, tetrodotoxin, sodium alginate, hepatic esters, and mannitol hydrochloride, and several marine drugs have entered clinical studies.
According to incomplete statistics, there are currently more than 30 normal types of marine medicines produced in the country, and there are more than 40 marine drug manufacturers. The annual production value is about 1 billion yuan, and the annual foreign exchange earning reaches tens of millions of US dollars. At the same time, a number of important functional genes have been cloned from marine organisms.
On the afternoon of October 18th, at the report meeting of the 2008 China Pharmaceutical Association Academic Annual Conference, many academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering made brilliant reports on the new fields of drug research and development in China and their industrialization prospects.
Professor Guan Huashi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor at Ocean University of China, analyzed and looked forward to the research and development of marine drug research and development in China. Zhou Hongyi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at Central South University, introduced the therapeutic basis and clinical application of gene-directed personalized medicine; Prof. Ling Li, an academician from the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Professor Chen Zhinan from the Fourth Military Medical University, made a report on the prospects for the development of China's biopharmaceutical industrialization based on antibody drugs.
Marine medicinal resources are abundant
“Currently, internationally recognized marine drugs have already had cephalosporins in antibiotics, antiviral drugs adenosine, sodium alginate drugs, and more than 40 marine drugs have entered clinical trials or preclinical trials. The composition of the composition is novel and its activity is unique. Most of them have anti-tumor, anti-cancer and anti-viral activities and are huge gene libraries for the development of new drugs," Guan Huashi pointed out.
He explained to the participants that the existence of four types of marine polysaccharides, such as chitin and alginate, provided a solid foundation for the development of marine drugs. Taking chitin as an example, the rare natural polycationic biopolysaccharide in this organism has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. Up to now, there have been more than 500 applications in medical materials and pharmaceuticals.
China is one of the earliest countries in the world to develop marine drugs. After marine drug research and development was included in the national science and technology plan in the 1990s, domestic marine drugs entered a period of rapid development. However, there are still some issues that need to be addressed in this area of ​​great pharmaceutical R&D potential: first, there are very limited varieties of medicinal marine organisms that are already on the market or under study, and the development of microbial resources needs to be strengthened. In addition, R&D is currently focused on resistance. The problem of less cancer drugs and new target screening models needs attention.
Since chemical modification and synthesis are still important means for obtaining lead compounds of new drugs, microbial resources are the direction of research and development of marine drugs, and the opening of genetic resources will be one of the main contents of marine drug research and development in the future. Guan Huashi believes that next, China's marine drug research and development should pay attention to the development of new resources based on discovery of lead compounds in marine new drugs and the development of modern marine Chinese medicine, and conduct research and development of marine drugs from the national level, that is, formulate domestic plans for marine drug research and development.
R & D emphasis on "individualization"
Like marine medicines, the report on "individualized" drugs in this conference also attracted the attention of representatives of the participating pharmacists and the business community. “America media had proposed in 1999 as soon as possible that the world will enter a new era of individualized medications that target unique genetic characteristics of individuals. At present, China has also been building a Chinese pharmacogenomics network and providing personalized medicine for China. And related new drug development to provide data support.” Zhou Hongjun pointed out.
It is reported that the implementation and progress of the Human Genome Project has promoted significant changes in the promotion of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics. In the past 20 years, pharmacogenetic studies have confirmed the genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and drug targets. It is the cause of individual differences in drug reactions.
Zhou Hongyi further pointed out that apart from differences in drug metabolism enzymes and ethnic differences, differences between individuals and individuals also exist. The pharmacogenomics is the application of the genetic information obtained to predict the results of drug treatment, and thus promote drug development, and provide scientific basis for the rational drug treatment of each patient.
Antibody genes are in the ascendant
The last report of that afternoon focused on the development of antibody drugs and biopharmaceutical industrialization.
With the development of immunology and molecular biology techniques and the elucidation of antibody gene structure, DNA recombination technology has begun to be used for antibody modification. Antibody drugs have entered the era of genetic engineering antibodies. So, what is the current situation of new drug development in this field in China? The experts of the Fourth Military Medical University made an in-depth analysis.
It is understood that domestic research and development of recombinant protein drugs such as antibodies have shown good momentum, but due to lack of innovation at the source, key technologies in the middle and lower reaches (such as mammalian large-scale efficient culture techniques and purification processes) are relatively weak, and are in contrast with developed countries. There is still a certain gap.
"Antibody drugs are the fastest-growing category of biotech drugs in recent years. Global annual sales rose from 310 million U.S. dollars in 1997 to 25.8 billion U.S. dollars in 2007, and their share in the biopharmaceutical industry is also increasing. From 1/5 in 2000 to 1/3 in 2007, antibody drugs have become the mainstream in the international biopharmaceutical market. In China, SFDA has approved more than 10 kinds of antibody drugs, and the potential for the development of antibody drugs remains high.” Prof. Chen Zhinan’s professor Li Ling thinks.

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