Red Laser
Red lasers include DPSS (diode-pumped solid-state) Laser and diode laser. This series laser include 3 series: high power and stability, low noise and Single Frequency Laser. Free space or fiber-coupled (SM fiber, MM fiber, homogenization fiber) output available. They are widely used in bioengineering, fluorescent substance, raman spectra and so on. Following wavelength are available for red laser:
â—†Diode-pumped All Solid-state Red Laser
604 nm 607 nm 612 nm 622 nm 639 nm 640nm 642 nm 650 nm 656.5 nm 666 nm 671 nm 689 nm 721 nm
Red Laser,Pulsed Red Laser,Red Laser Pointer,Red Laser Beam Changchun New Industries Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.cnioptics.com
â—†Diode Red Laser
627 nm 635 nm 637nm 640 nm 642 nm 650nm 655 nm 660 nm 665 nm 680nm 685 nm 690 nm 705 nm 730 nm 750 nm 760 nm
Oil giant targets second-generation biofuels
With growing environmental concerns, shifting government policies, and the depletion of global oil reserves, major oil companies are increasingly turning their focus toward biofuels. The challenge now is not just to maintain current profitability but to build a sustainable and profitable future in this evolving energy landscape. Over the past few decades, biofuels have emerged as a promising solution to both environmental and energy crises, offering advantages in sustainability, renewability, and economic viability.
In addition to maintaining their traditional oil exploration and production activities, leading oil firms are now investing heavily in the development of large-scale biofuel production, market expansion, and next-generation fuel technologies. This shift reflects a strategic move toward diversification and long-term energy security.
According to Aaron Brady from Cambridge Energy Consulting, “In the past, oil companies didn’t really invest in biofuel production. But that’s changing. They’re realizing that biofuels are becoming a real trend.â€
More and more oil companies are getting involved in biofuel development. ChevronTexaco has invested in one of the first large-scale biodiesel plants in the U.S., while Marathon Oil became the first U.S. oil company in 30 years to invest in ethanol production. Shell is pushing forward with cellulosic ethanol, aiming for commercial viability.
Historically, small companies and farm cooperatives dominated the biofuel market, with their facilities far smaller than those of major oil companies. However, ChevronTexaco is now partnering with Galveston Bay Biodiesel to build a plant capable of producing up to 100 million gallons of biodiesel annually—more than double the total U.S. biodiesel output from the previous year.
The push toward biofuels is also driven by high oil prices, supportive government policies, and public demand for cleaner energy. For example, the U.S. Congress passed an energy bill requiring that ethanol content in gasoline rise from 3% to 7.5 billion gallons by 2012. Similarly, the EU aims to increase biofuel use to 5.8% of total fuel consumption by 2010.
Countries around the world are developing their own biofuel strategies, using local resources. Brazil leads in ethanol production from sugarcane, while the Philippines mandates the use of coconut oil in diesel. In the U.S., corn-based ethanol is blended into gasoline, and soybean oil is used in diesel. Europe uses rapeseed oil for biodiesel.
Sergio Trindad, head of science and technology at International Fuels Technologies, noted, “The advantage of these additives is that they come from diverse raw materials, which can be grown globally.â€
While increased biofuel supply helps expand fuel options and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the industry still faces significant challenges. One key issue is how to produce large quantities of biofuels without competing with food crops. Using cellulose from plant waste offers a more efficient alternative to food-based ethanol.
Robin West of PFC Energy Consulting stated, “Achieving sustainable biofuel production will take time, but it's essential for the future of the energy sector.â€
Oil giants are not focused on short-term gains from first-generation biofuels. Instead, they are investing in long-term, sustainable solutions. ExxonMobil is increasing its funding for biofuel research, while BP is collaborating with DuPont on next-generation biofuels.
Shell is also working with multiple partners, including Logan Corporation for cellulosic ethanol and Cologne for advanced diesel components. According to Donald Paul, vice president and CTO of ChevronTexaco, “This is a new stage in the evolution of biofuels, and our ultimate goal is to build large-scale infrastructure.â€