At present, the power of motor vehicles in China is still mainly fuel oil. Due to incomplete combustion of oil, exhaust gas emits harmful gases. When the air-fuel ratio is too small, the "concentrated combustion" is formed, and the carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) in the fuel are not completely converted. When the air-fuel ratio is excessive, the "lean burn" is formed, which makes it difficult to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) in the fuel. Among them (CO), (HC), (NOX) are all harmful gases. If the car is concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, the exhaust will cause serious air pollution. With the development of science and technology and the improvement of the quality of life, people are paying more attention to the environmental problems caused by automobile exhaust. It has been concluded in the automobile exhaust gas treatment technology for many years that the comprehensive application of the pre-machine fuel injection and the post-catalytic conversion technology is one of the most effective means to control automobile exhaust pollution.

By catalytic conversion technology and a catalyst of the catalytic converter, the catalytic converter housing case is made of a metal, ceramic honeycomb, insulation cushion assembled damper, the catalyst is composed of a plurality of metal oxides and additives, and it is Uniform coating on honeycomb ceramics, the catalyst is divided into precious metal catalysts, non-precious metal catalysts, rare earths and less precious metal catalysts. The noble metal catalyst has high purification efficiency, but the cost is also high, the precious metal resources are difficult to obtain, and the non-metal catalyst has low cost but poor purification efficiency. Rare earth and less precious metal catalysts have the above two advantages and can fully exert the advantages of rare earth resources in China.

Through years of research and practice at home and abroad, the role of rare earth in the process of automobile exhaust gas purification is multi-faceted. Because rare earth elements have a unique oxygen storage function, oxygen storage can adjust the air-fuel ratio, and rare earth elements also have variable price characteristics, which can be increased. Catalyst activity. Rare earth elements can also improve the anti- lead sulfur poisoning performance of the catalyst. At the same time, the addition of rare earth helps the precious metal component to have good dispersion and dispersibility at high temperature, prevent the growth and sintering of the catalyst carrier, and increase the thermal stability of the catalyst. Sex. Therefore, the performance and service life of the catalyst can be improved by the addition of rare earth elements. Rare earth is one of the most abundant resources in China. Its reserves and production rank first in the world, but the domestic application of rare earths ranks second in the world, and the largest user of rare earth exhaust gas purification for automobiles is the United States. Therefore, giving full play to China's rare earth resource advantages and vigorously developing the application of rare earth in the field of automobile exhaust gas purification catalyst can not only promote the development of China's rare earth industrialization, but also control the air pollution caused by urban automobile exhaust emissions. It is of great significance to rationally utilize China's abundant rare earth resources, protect the ecological environment, and achieve sustainable social and economic development.

Beijing Lantian Atmosphere Environmental Protection Equipment Factory has independently developed a rare earth and precious metal composite automobile exhaust gas purifying agent with Chinese characteristics under the support and assistance of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Dahua Institute Ecological Center and Tsinghua University. The amount of rare earth in the purifying agent accounts for 20% to 40%, and the amount of precious metal is only 0.9g per liter of the catalyst. The ratio of the amount of rare earth to the amount of precious metal is at an advanced level at home and abroad, and the purification rate is above 90%. The deterioration coefficient is CO: 99.3/98.7=1.01, HC: 92.1/89.1=1.08, NOX: 99.8/89.6=1.11. At the same time, the catalytic converter was developed by using the catalyst. The product has the same performance index compared with the foreign similar catalytic converter, and has higher conversion efficiency and service life than the domestic similar catalytic converter.

With the development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the number of cars in the city will increase. From the city's environmental needs, car exhaust management will be a long-term task. China is also a country with a shortage of precious metal resources, and China's rare earth resources are extremely rich. Therefore, it is an important task for us to give play to the advantages of rare earth resources in China, to shorten the long-term precious metals of rare earths, to strengthen the basic research of rare earth catalyst technology, to vigorously develop the application of rare earths in automobile exhaust gas purifiers, and to participate in the competition in the international market.

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