Brazil is a big chemical country in Latin America, benefiting from strong domestic demand, unique green chemicals and newly discovered sub-salt oil fields, allowing Brazil’s chemical industry to maintain a relatively high growth rate in recent years, attracting a large number of domestic and foreign investment. . However, at present, the appreciation of the Brazilian currency, the Real, has damaged the interests of chemical producers. The continuous expansion of the chemical trade deficit has also attracted the attention of the industry.

Biochemicals based on sugarcane ethanol is a characteristic industry in Brazil. Brazil is gradually building a new chemical industrial system based on ethanol. Although the current bioethanol industry chain still needs to solve problems such as energy saving, waste disposal, and crop cycle cycle management, bioethanol feedstock is competitive due to its sustainability and cost. Sex is still quite attractive.

Sugarcane is expected to become the main raw material for the future bioethanol project in Brazil. The Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture announced on February 24 that it will invest US$37 billion in the ethanol industry from 2012 to 2015 for sugarcane production and expand the source of ethanol feedstock. The Brazilian government’s investment plan is designed to meet domestic demand as well as the growth potential of the international market. The source of funding has not yet been fully implemented, but Brazil’s Economic and Social Development Bank, as one of the agencies providing loans, has already arranged $2.4 billion for 2012 for the replacement of sugarcane provenances. The Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture is coordinating the Ministry of Energy, Mines, Ministry of Finance and other financial institutions to implement the sugarcane investment plan.

The end-user demand for petrochemical products in Brazil is mainly concentrated on olefinic compounds and aromatic compounds. With the continuous expansion of the middle class in Brazil, the acceleration of infrastructure construction and the rapid development of the automobile manufacturing industry, Brazil’s domestic chemical demand has surged. In 2011, Brazilian chemical industry sales increased by 23.4% to reach 159 billion U.S. dollars, and it is expected to reach 260 billion U.S. dollars in 2020.

The chemical industry in Brazil has grown faster than the overall economy. However, it has been difficult to meet domestic demand in the past 20 years. As a result, the trade deficit has steadily increased, from 1.2 billion U.S. dollars in 1990 to 6 billion U.S. dollars in 2000. It is even more so in 2011. It reached a peak of $25.9 billion. Fernando Figueiredo, head of the Brazilian Chemical Industry Association, believes that the key to reversing the current large trade deficit in the Brazilian chemical industry is to increase investment and expand chemical production capacity, thereby replacing imports and expanding exports.

The Brazilian Chemical Industry Association analyzed that there are five major opportunities for investment in the Brazilian chemical industry market from 2010 to 2020: Brazil's domestic economic growth and its impact on the demand for chemicals, attracting approximately USD 87 billion in investment; investment in narrowing the trade deficit It will reach 45 billion U.S. dollars; the investment in the renewable chemicals industry will reach 20 billion U.S. dollars; the investment in the relevant chemical industry chain in the Saitama oil field will reach 15 billion U.S. dollars; and the investment in R&D and innovation will reach 32 billion U.S. dollars.

In recent years, Brazil has been actively building large-scale petrochemical projects that mainly produce hydrocarbons and has made great progress. Rio's participation in the construction of Rio Polymers (Rio

Polimeros project total investment of 1.1 billion US dollars, mainly produces ethylene and polyethylene, was completed and put into production in Rio de Janeiro in 2005; it built 160,000 tons/year of acrylic device at Minas Gerais production base in Brazil; and Brazilian National Chemical Company Cooperation to invest in the construction of a polypropylene joint venture in São Paulo.

The Brazilian government controls the extraction of raw materials through government departments and artificially increases the market access threshold. Since companies that produce basic chemical products cannot judge the competition and development trend of the industry, they dare not rush to invest high research funds to increase output and efficiency, and external investment cannot increase. Another important factor constraining the development of the Brazilian chemical industry is the lack of specialized personnel. In 2009, Brazil only trained 8,000 chemical engineers, but the market demand was as high as 20,000.

However, the above disadvantages cannot hinder the development of the petrochemical industry in Brazil. The discovery of huge salt-underwater reservoirs has completely changed the world ranking of its crude oil reserves, making it an important oil exporter, and also allowing Brazil to have more capital for the globalization of the petrochemical industry. According to a research report provided by a former geologist of Petrobras, Brazil's oil fields in the Atlantic sub-salt have at least 123 billion barrels of oil reserves. It is estimated that by 2015, the share of salt oil will increase from the current 2% to 18%, and it is expected to account for 40.5% by 2020. According to preliminary estimates, by 2020, only the daily output of salt will be close to 2 million barrels of oil equivalent.

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