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The chemical industry has entered a period of frequent trade friction
In 2003, the import and export trade volume of China's chemical industry hit a record high. The total import and export trade volume of the industry exceeded US$100 billion for the first time, reaching US$113.3 billion, a net increase of US$28.1 billion from the previous year, an increase of 33%, accounting for national import and export trade. 13.3% of the total. Therefore, the chemical industry has undoubtedly become one of the hardest-hit areas where foreign countries frequently use anti-dumping measures against China. Observed from a global scale, according to WTO statistics, from 1995 to the end of 2003, members of the chemical products, plastic products and rubber products and other chemical products to take anti-dumping measures a total of 463 cases, of which a total of 84 for Chinese products, accounting for the membership program 18% of the total number of pieces. At the same time, these 84 cases accounted for 1/3 of the total number of anti-dumping measures against Chinese products. China has become the country where such products have suffered the most anti-dumping. The reason why China's chemical products are subject to a large number of anti-dumping cases abroad mainly includes the following two aspects: First, due to the low price of labor in China, a large price difference with foreign products is caused. Second, the issue of market economy status has constrained the effectiveness of China's enterprises against foreign anti-dumping investigations. The higher loss rate of Chinese enterprises in anti-dumping cases has objectively further stimulated related companies in importing countries to raise more anti-dumping complaints against Chinese products. In the coming period, the number of foreign anti-dumping cases against China's chemical products will remain high. The main reason is that the export of chemical products in China will continue to maintain a relatively high growth rate, and the above-mentioned factors that cause more anti-dumping cases will continue to exist and it will be difficult to change in the short term. Chemical companies actively filed anti-dumping complaints. While the foreign trade volume in the chemical industry is growing rapidly, a large number of imported products continue to impact the domestic market and pose a threat to the development of domestic chemical companies. It is natural for some companies to file complaints against dumping by foreign companies. In respect of anti-dumping of imported products, as of June 2004, China has initiated 96 anti-dumping investigations, covering a total of 30 products. Among them, there were 73 cases involving the chemical industry, and the amount involved was about 3.1 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for about 76% and 46% of the total number of imported anti-dumping cases and the total amount involved in the same period. The number of anti-dumping investigations of chemical products in China is large, which is mainly caused by the following four reasons: First, the import value of chemical products is large and it occupies a high proportion in the domestic market. In 2003, China’s total import and export of chemical products was US$11.34 billion, of which imports were US$81.5 billion and exports were US$31.9 billion, a deficit of US$49.6 billion. From the perspective of market share, the current market share of imported chemical products in the Chinese market has exceeded half. Second, the overall oversupply of international chemical products, the Chinese market has become the main goal of competition. Due to the accession to the WTO and the implementation of the proactive fiscal policy, the chemical market with huge demand in China has become the goal of competing chemical products in various countries. Third, the fixed costs of the chemical industry are high, and the initial investment is large, and the cost recovery period is long. Many chemical companies, when formulating product price strategies, often sell products because they are fiercely competitive. They can easily sell products even if they meet the cost of recovering variable costs. Dumping behavior. Fourth, China's chemical industry is relatively concentrated and it is easy to meet the quantitative requirements for anti-dumping. According to the requirements of the WTO and Chinese anti-dumping laws, the output of domestic producers who expressed support for the application is not less than 25% of the total output of similar products. Because the production methods and scope of use of chemical products in China are roughly the same, it is easy to meet the qualifications of applicants in filing an anti-dumping complaint. . Although the number of anti-dumping investigations and rulings on China's imported chemical products is still relatively small, the anti-dumping investigations have effectively curbed the dumping behavior of foreign products and improved the domestic enterprises in terms of the final rulings and preliminary rulings that have already been made. The local business environment has made it difficult for a trapped enterprise to protect its domestic infant industry and high-tech industry. Enterprises in the transitional period of accession to the WTO should be more defensive. The year 2004 is the third year after China’s accession to the WTO, and it is also an important turning point for China’s entry into the key transition period of WTO entry. With further reductions in tariff commitments, market access, and other WTO commitments, the domestic chemical market will become more open and market competition will intensify. Petrochemical companies will face greater market competition pressure. Domestic industries will rely more on the rules allowed by the WTO to safeguard their own industrial safety. Judging from the current situation, China's petrochemical enterprises should further escalate their attacks, maximize the use of WTO rules, give full play to the role of anti-dumping and other trade relief tools, and increase the leverage and counter-measures capabilities of China's petrochemical industry in dealing with trade friction; We can take more initiative to safeguard the legitimate interests of domestic industrial land, improve the industrial development environment, and enable the domestic petrochemical industry to open up a living space in a more fair market environment. At the same time, China's anti-dumping is not an umbrella to protect backwardness. In the anti-dumping practice, China will strictly abide by relevant Chinese laws and regulations as well as the relevant provisions of the WTO agreement. Regardless of the stages of filing, investigation, adjudication, etc., all stakeholders will be given the opportunity to fully express their opinions, and will be maintained during the investigation process. The legitimate rights and interests of interested parties ensure transparency and due process so that the case can be impartially adjudicated. It does not discriminate against foreign exporters. The practice of China's import trade remedy survey shows that our anti-dumping measures are always based on a well-maintained domestic market order, creating a fair and competitive external environment for the development of domestic petrochemical enterprises, and protecting all types of market entities including foreign-funded enterprises in accordance with law. Legal rights.