As with the traditional orifice flowmeters, the elbow flowmeters belong to the category of differential pressure flowmeters, except that the differential pressure generated by elbow flowmeters is different from that of orifice flowmeters. The orifice plate uses the principle of scaling of the fluid to generate the differential pressure, while the elbow sensor uses the inertia principle of the fluid to generate the differential pressure.

When the fluid passes through the elbow, the fluid constrained by the elbow tube is forced to make a similar circular motion. The centrifugal force generated when the fluid moves in a circular motion acts on both the inside and outside of the elbow so that the inside and outside of the elbow sensor are generated between both sides. A pressure difference. The pressure difference is related to the density of the fluid, the average flow velocity, the radius of curvature of the pipe, and the inner diameter of the pipe. The expression is:

In the formula, v is the average flow velocity in the elbow with fluid value; R is the center radius of curvature of the elbow; D is the inner diameter of the elbow; R/D is the center radius of curvature of the elbow; ΔP is the fluid through the elbow flowmeter elbow sensor The value of differential pressure produced when; ρ is the density of the medium. Fluid flow in the pipeline:

In the formula, S is the internal cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe; α is the flow coefficient. From the above, it can be seen that as long as the pressure difference is accurately measured, the necessary temperature compensation for the influence of temperature and pressure on the density of the medium is taken into account while performing the calculation, and the elbow flowmeter can accurately measure the flow of the medium.

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