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Large-scale construction machinery has obvious leading role in related industries (2)
The technical approach to developing China's roadheaders and shield machines involves a strategic path of technology introduction, digestion, absorption, and innovation. Wang Jianye emphasizes that the most effective way for China to rapidly build its own R&D capabilities is through this integrated process, drawing inspiration from Japan and South Korea. He highlights that while many advanced technologies—such as cutter head materials, hydraulic transmission, electric drive control, steel structure design, welding, and information network systems—have been introduced, the real challenge lies in thoroughly digesting and absorbing these technologies before innovating and integrating them into a system with independent intellectual property and core competitiveness.
However, despite the extensive technology imports, the industry still faces challenges such as re-introduction without sufficient digestion and innovation. Many companies are currently focused on production and have not fully absorbed the imported technologies, let alone re-innovated. Experts suggest that the government should play a more active role in managing the introduction, digestion, and innovation of major technological equipment. This could include using state funds to encourage enterprises and society to invest more in technology absorption, reducing the risk of costly and ineffective technology imports. Additionally, collaboration between research institutions, manufacturers, and users is essential for successful digestion and innovation.
Wang Mengshu further explains that tunneling machines and shield machines are not generic devices; they must be tailored to specific geological conditions. The design process should integrate civil engineering and mechanical engineering, with construction units taking the lead in providing design parameters and conducting equipment testing and acceptance. Historically, Chinese manufacturers often developed equipment without close coordination with construction teams, resulting in mismatched products.
To accelerate independent innovation, Wang Jianye proposed four policy recommendations: better market management through high import tariffs, reforming standard management systems, prioritizing domestic procurement of major equipment, and centralizing product development under the National Development and Reform Commission. He also emphasized the importance of localizing small shields and boring machines, which account for over 80% of usage, to improve urban infrastructure projects like underground pipelines.
Experts note that after decades of effort, China has established a capable team in research, design, manufacturing, and construction of boring machines. This forms the foundation for a self-sufficient roadheader industry, which is crucial for meeting domestic needs, saving foreign exchange, and boosting related industries.
Heavy machinery companies have significant advantages in producing tunneling machines. Companies like Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co., Ltd., Second Heavy Machinery Group, Dalian Heavy Industries, and Shenyang Heavy Machinery Group are leading in this field. These firms have formed partnerships with international companies, gained core technologies, and are expanding their capabilities. For instance, Shanghai Tunnel has developed its own earth pressure balance machine and metro shield machines with competitive pricing and performance.
The Second Heavy Machinery Group has invested heavily in R&D, with a strong team of designers and experts. It has partnered with foreign firms to enhance its technology and expand its market presence. With geographic advantages in key projects like the South-North Water Diversion Project, it is well-positioned to meet growing demand.
Overall, the industry is moving toward a more coordinated and innovative future, with a focus on localization, smart development, and building a robust domestic industrial system.