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Phosphorus Resources and Phosphorus Compound Fertilizer Heat Contradict
At the National 11th Phosphate and Compound Fertilizer Production Technology Exchange Conference held from September 16 to 19, it was revealed that a growing contradiction is emerging between the overcapacity of China's phosphorus and compound fertilizer industries and the limited availability of phosphorus resources. This imbalance is becoming more pronounced as domestic demand struggles to keep up with production levels.
According to Shen Qinjia, secretary general of the Chemical Fertilizers Committee at the China Chemical Industry Association, China holds the world’s second-largest phosphorus reserves, but the average ore grade is low, leading to inefficiencies in extraction and utilization. Additionally, there is significant waste in post-mining processes, and excessive investment in high-concentration phosphate and compound fertilizers has led to overproduction. In recent years, this issue has worsened due to rampant, low-level duplication in construction, resulting in a supply that far exceeds agricultural needs. As a result, phosphorus resources are becoming increasingly strained.
With the continued liberalization of China’s chemical fertilizer market, external pressures on the industry are expected to grow. Experts at the conference emphasized the urgent need for the phosphorus and compound fertilizer sector to prioritize technological innovation, optimize resource use, and upgrade both products and industrial structures.
Large-scale enterprises should focus on securing reliable ore reserves, while regulatory authorities must implement measures to restrict phosphate ore exports and encourage imports. The production of high-concentration phosphate and compound fertilizers should be concentrated in provinces such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, and Sichuan. At the same time, soil testing and precision fertilization programs should be expanded, along with the development of region-specific and crop-specific fertilizers.
Furthermore, the establishment of large-scale production bases for high-concentration fertilizers is essential to create an efficient, large-enterprise-dominated industrial structure. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, experts also highlighted the importance of comprehensive utilization of phosphorus and sulfur resources, aiming to reduce waste and enhance resource efficiency. They called for the extension of the industrial chain by promoting new building materials like phosphogypsum, advanced wet phosphoric acid purification technologies, and large-scale, domestically produced fluorine recycling systems for anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. Other initiatives include the industrialization of pyrite slag recycling, utilization of waste heat from sulfuric acid production, and the development of high-value-added products.